Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via "sudoedit -s" and a command-line argument that ends with a single backslash character.

The Samba vfs_fruit module uses extended file attributes (EA, xattr) to provide "...enhanced compatibility with Apple SMB clients and interoperability with a Netatalk 3 AFP fileserver." Samba versions prior to 4.13.17, 4.14.12 and 4.15.5 with vfs_fruit configured allow out-of-bounds heap read and write via specially crafted extended file attributes. A remote attacker with write access to extended file attributes can execute arbitrary code with the privileges of smbd, typically root.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when an attacker establishes a vulnerable Netlogon secure channel connection to a domain controller, using the Netlogon Remote Protocol (MS-NRPC). An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could run a specially crafted application on a device on the network. To exploit the vulnerability, an unauthenticated attacker would be required to use MS-NRPC to connect to a domain controller to obtain domain administrator access. Microsoft is addressing the vulnerability in a phased two-part rollout. These updates address the vulnerability by modifying how Netlogon handles the usage of Netlogon secure channels. For guidelines on how to manage the changes required for this vulnerability and more information on the phased rollout, see How to manage the changes in Netlogon secure channel connections associated with CVE-2020-1472 (updated September 28, 2020). When the second phase of Windows updates become available in Q1 2021, customers…

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis.

Command injection vulnerability in smart.cgi in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 5.2-5967-5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via disk field.

An information exposure vulnerability in forget_passwd.cgi in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 6.1.3-15152 allows remote attackers to enumerate valid usernames via unspecified vectors.

Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in share file list functionality in Synology Active Backup for Business before 2.7.1-13234, 2.7.1-23234 and 2.7.1-3234 allows remote authenticated users with administrator privileges to read specific files containing non-sensitive information via unspecified vectors.

Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in encrypted share umount functionality in Synology Active Backup for Business before 2.7.1-13234, 2.7.1-23234 and 2.7.1-3234 allows remote authenticated users to write specific files via unspecified vectors.

Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in agent-related functionality in Synology Active Backup for Business before 2.7.1-13234, 2.7.1-23234 and 2.7.1-3234 allows remote authenticated users with administrator privileges to delete arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.

Authorization bypass through user-controlled key vulnerability in streaming service in Synology Media Server before 1.4-2680, 2.0.5-3152 and 2.2.0-3325 allows remote attackers to read specific files via unspecified vectors.