Attacker Value
High
(1 user assessed)
Exploitability
High
(1 user assessed)
User Interaction
None
Privileges Required
Low
Attack Vector
Local
1

CVE-2019-1415

Disclosure Date: November 12, 2019 •
CVE-2019-1415 CVSS v3 Base Score: 7.8
Add MITRE ATT&CK tactics and techniques that apply to this CVE.
Privilege Escalation
Techniques
Validation
Validated

Description

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows Installer because of the way Windows Installer handles certain filesystem operations.To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker would require unprivileged execution on the victim system, aka ‘Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability’.

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2
Ratings
  • Attacker Value
    High
  • Exploitability
    High
Common in enterpriseEasy to weaponizeGives privileged accessVulnerable in default configurationAuthenticated
Technical Analysis

There exists a race condition bug in the Windows Installer. Specifically, the Windows installer maintains a rollback script of tasks to be performed in the event that an installation fails. If an installation fails, that rollback script will be run as system. By overwriting that script and placing an instruction to overwrite a specific DLL within that script, an attacker can overwrite a trusted DLL. One bright spot is that the default policy for Windows server prevents non-admins from performing installations, blocking this path for elevation.
In the original write-up by SandboxEscaper, the exploit required GUI interaction, but later PoCs released negated the requirement for clicking on pop-up windows.
Microsoft as attempted to patch this exploit on several occasions, but several patches proved to be incomplete, failing to account for file junctions or other bypass techniques. CVEs issued to bypasses include:
CVE-2021-1727
CVE-2020-16902
CVE-2020-0814
CVE-2020-1302
Links:
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46916
https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-windows-installer-elevation-of-privileges-vulnerability/
https://halove23.blogspot.com/2020/12/oh-so-you-have-antivirus-nameevery-bug.html
https://github.com/klinix5/CVE-2021-1727

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CVSS V3 Severity and Metrics
Base Score:
7.8 High
Impact Score:
5.9
Exploitability Score:
1.8
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector (AV):
Local
Attack Complexity (AC):
Low
Privileges Required (PR):
Low
User Interaction (UI):
None
Scope (S):
Unchanged
Confidentiality (C):
High
Integrity (I):
High
Availability (A):
High

General Information

Offensive Application
Unknown
Utility Class
Unknown
Ports
Unknown
OS
Unknown
Vulnerable Versions
Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1
Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1
Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems
Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems
Windows RT 8.1
Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1803 for ARM64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1809 for ARM64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1709 for ARM64-based Systems
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Core installation)
Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Core installation)
Windows Server 2012
Windows Server 2012 (Core installation)
Windows Server 2012 R2
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Core installation)
Windows Server 2016
Windows Server 2016 (Core installation)
Windows Server version 1803 (Core Installation)
Windows Server 2019
Windows Server 2019 (Core installation)
Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Core installation)
Windows 10 Version 1903 for 32-bit Systems
Windows 10 Version 1903 for x64-based Systems
Windows 10 Version 1903 for ARM64-based Systems
Windows Server, version 1903 (Server Core installation)
Prerequisites
Unknown
Discovered By
Unknown
PoC Author
Unknown
Metasploit Module
Unknown
Reporter
Unknown

Additional Info

Authenticated
Unknown
Exploitable
Unknown
Reliability
Unknown
Stability
Unknown
Available Mitigations
Unknown
Shelf Life
Unknown
Userbase/Installbase
Unknown
Patch Effectiveness
Unknown
Technical Analysis