The TCP implementation in (1) Linux, (2) platforms based on BSD Unix, (3) Microsoft Windows, (4) Cisco products, and probably other operating systems allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (connection queue exhaustion) via multiple vectors that manipulate information in the TCP state table, as demonstrated by sockstress.

A "logic error" in Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4, when a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPN with extended communities is configured, sometimes causes a corrupted route target (RT) to be used, which allows remote attackers to read traffic from other VPNs in opportunistic circumstances.

Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4 on Gigabit Switch Router (GSR) devices (aka 12000 Series routers) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device crash) via a malformed Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) packet.

Unspecified vulnerability in Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a crafted Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) packet.

Cisco IOS 12.0 through 12.4 on Cisco 10000, uBR10012 and uBR7200 series devices handles external UDP packets that are sent to 127.0.0.0/8 addresses intended for IPC communication within the device, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device or linecard reload) via crafted UDP packets, a different vulnerability than CVE-2008-3805.

Stack-based buffer overflow in the Line Printer Daemon (LPD) in Cisco IOS before 12.2(18)SXF11, 12.4(16a), and 12.4(2)T6 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by setting a long hostname on the target system, then causing an error message to be printed, as demonstrated by a telnet session to the LPD from a source port other than 515.

The Cisco Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) and IOS with Firewall/IPS Feature Set do not properly handle certain full-width and half-width Unicode character encodings, which might allow remote attackers to evade detection of HTTP traffic.

Cisco IOS 9.x, 10.x, 11.x, and 12.x and IOS XR 2.0.x, 3.0.x, and 3.2.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code via a crafted IP option in the IP header in a (1) ICMP, (2) PIMv2, (3) PGM, or (4) URD packet.

Memory leak in the TCP listener in Cisco IOS 9.x, 10.x, 11.x, and 12.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service by sending crafted TCP traffic to an IPv4 address on the IOS device.

Cisco IOS allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted IPv6 Type 0 Routing header.